Python (Beginner) - Lesson 1: Introduction to Python and Visual Studio Code Setup

Welcome to your first lesson in Python programming! In this lesson, we will introduce Python, set up your development environment using Visual Studio Code (VS Code), and write your very first Python program. This lesson lays the foundation for all future topics, so pay close attention to the details and follow the step-by-step instructions.

Definitions & Explanations

Python Overview:

• What is Python?
  Python is a high-level, interpreted programming language known for its simplicity and readability. Its clear syntax and flexibility make it an ideal choice for beginners.

• Programming Paradigms:
  Python supports multiple programming paradigms including:

  • Procedural Programming: Writing procedures or functions that perform operations on data.

  • Object-Oriented Programming (OOP): Organizing code into classes and objects to mimic real-world entities.

  • Functional Programming: Emphasizing the use of functions and immutability.

• Why Python for Beginners?

  • Easy-to-read syntax.

  • Vast community support.

  • Extensive libraries and frameworks for various applications.

Visual Studio Code (VS Code):

• What is VS Code?
  VS Code is a lightweight, powerful, and versatile code editor developed by Microsoft. It is well-suited for Python development thanks to its robust ecosystem of extensions.

• Key Features for Python Development:

  • Integrated Terminal: Run your Python scripts directly within the editor.

  • Debugging Tools: Set breakpoints, inspect variables, and step through code.

  • Python Extension: Enhances Python coding with features like IntelliSense (auto-completion), linting, and code formatting.

  • File Explorer: Easily navigate and manage your project files and folders.

Example Code

Below is a simple "Hello, World!" program written in Python. This is typically the first program you write in any programming language.

Copy

# This is a simple Python program that prints a greeting.
print("Hello, World!")

Explanation:

• Comments:
  The line starting with # is a comment. Comments are used to explain code and are ignored by Python when executing the program.

• The print() Function:
  The print() function outputs the specified message to the terminal. In this case, it prints the text "Hello, World!" to the screen.

Tasks

To reinforce your understanding and ensure your development environment is ready, complete the following tasks:

1. Install Python:

   • Visit the official Python website and download the latest version of Python for your operating system.

   • Follow the installation instructions provided on the website.

2. Install Visual Studio Code:

   • Download VS Code from the official VS Code website.

   • Follow the installation instructions for your operating system.

3. Set Up the Python Extension in VS Code:

   • Open VS Code.

   • Navigate to the Extensions view by clicking on the Extensions icon in the Activity Bar on the side of the window.

   • Search for "Python" and install the extension provided by Microsoft.

   • This extension will provide features like IntelliSense, debugging, and code formatting specifically for Python.

4. Create and Run Your First Python Program:

   • Open VS Code and create a new file. Save it with a .py extension (for example, hello_world.py).

   • Type the provided "Hello, World!" code into your new file.

   • Open the integrated terminal in VS Code (you can do this by selecting Terminal > New Terminal from the menu).

   • Run your program by typing python hello_world.py in the terminal and pressing Enter.

   • Observe the output, which should display: Hello, World!

Recall Questions

Review the following questions to ensure you understand the key concepts from this lesson:

• What makes Python a popular language for beginners?
  Consider the simplicity of its syntax, the readability of the code, and the community support.

• How do you install and configure the Python extension in Visual Studio Code?
  Recall the steps: opening VS Code, navigating to the Extensions view, searching for "Python," and installing the Microsoft Python extension.

• What does the print() function do?
  Reflect on its role in outputting text or other data to the VS Code integrated terminal.

By completing this lesson, you have set up your development environment in Visual Studio Code and written your first Python program. This foundational step is crucial as you progress through the course, and it prepares you for more complex topics ahead. Happy coding!